Wednesday, May 22, 2013

Insert Coin: Linkbot modular robotic platform lets you quickly build a bot, skills

In Insert Coin, we look at an exciting new tech project that requires funding before it can hit production. If you'd like to pitch a project, please send us a tip with "Insert Coin" as the subject line.

Insert Coin Linkbot

Everybody loves robots, but the initial ardor for building one can quickly be snuffed out by the complex reality of actually programming it to do anything. That's where Linkbot comes in, a new project from the Barobo team that brought us the Mobot. It's designed as a modular system that can be expanded infinitely with accessories like a camera mount, gripper, and wheels, thanks to three separate mounting surfaces -- which also have standard #6-32 screw attachment holes on the mounting plate to attach personality-enhancing cutouts. Despite the expansion potential, though, it can still be used right out of the box to do robotics without touching a lick of code. That's thanks to several built-in modes like BumpConnect, which permits wireless connections between the modules by touching them together; and PoseTeach, to program complex motions by hand in a similar (but less time-consuming) manner to stop-motion animation techniques.

For those who want to step it up a notch, the system lets you go far past basic mech fun. The Linkbot itself has two rotating hubs with absolute encoding, along with an accelerometer, buzzer, multicolored LCD and ZigBee wireless system with a 100m line-of-sight range. There are also optional breakout and Bluetooth boards to connect sensors like range finders, IR proximity sensors, photo detectors and thermostats. The outfit's BaroboLink software for Mac, PC or Linux is included to program the Arduino-compatible bot in several languages as well, and can even translate previously created PoseTeach motions into computer routines. So far, the company has created working prototypes and even shipped them to local schools, so if you're interested, you can pledge a minimum $129 toward the company's $40,000 target to grab one. That'll net you a Linkbot, two wheels, the BaroboLink software, access to the MyBarobo community -- and hopefully a jolt to your robotics confidence.

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Source: Kickstarter

Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/i7duEX4uDjM/

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North Korea fires sixth missile in three days

By Chookyung Kim

SEOUL (Reuters) - North Korea fired two short-range missiles on Monday, making six launches in three days, and it condemned South Korea for criticizing what it said were its legitimate military drills.

South Korea's Defense Ministry said North Korea had fired one missile on Monday morning and a second one in the afternoon. Both were fired into the sea off North Korea's east coast, a ministry official said.

The launches come hard on the heels of more than two months of threats from North Korea that it would wage a nuclear war against South Korea and the United States if it were attacked.

The North condemned joint U.S. and South Korean military exercises, that ended in late April, as a rehearsal for an attack on its territory.

"We are conducting intense military exercises to strengthen our defense capacity," North Korea's KCNA news agency quoted the Committee for the Peaceful Reunification of Korea, the body that handles inter-Korean issues, as saying on Monday.

"Our military is conducting these exercises in order to cope with the mounting war measures from the U.S. and South Korea, which is the legitimate right of any sovereign country."

North Korea frequently fires short-range missiles, although the current spate of launches has drawn criticism from South Korea and the United States after the recent threats from the North.

Seoul on Monday condemned the launches for stoking tension in the region while Beijing, the North's sole major ally, called for restraint.

"These launches are its tactic of signaling to the world that the regime is willing to negotiate now, while at the same time saving face," Kim Yeon-su, a professor at Korea National Defense University in Seoul, which is part of the Defense Ministry, said of North Korea.

Kim said that North Korea had an arsenal of hundreds of short- and medium-range missiles.

There appears to be little prospect of talks between North Korea and the United States as Washington insists that Pyongyang needs to abandon its nuclear weapons program, something the isolated and impoverished state has said it will not do.

(Editing by Robert Birsel)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/north-korea-fires-fifth-missile-three-days-092021248.html

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Tuesday, May 21, 2013

Genetic risk for obesity found in many Mexican young adults

May 21, 2013 ? As many as 35 percent of Mexican young adults may have a genetic predisposition for obesity, said a University of Illinois scientist who conducted a study at the Universidad Aut?noma de San Luis Potos?.

"The students who inherited genetic risk factors from both parents were already 15? pounds heavier and 2 inches bigger around the waist than those who hadn't. They also had slightly higher fasting glucose levels," said Margarita Teran-Garcia, a U of I professor of food science and human nutrition.

In the study, 251 18- to 25-year-olds were tested for risk alleles on the FTO gene as part of the Up Amigos project, a collaboration of scientists at the U of I and the Mexican university. The researchers are following the 10,000 yearly applicants to the Universidad Aut?noma de San Luis Potos? to learn how changes in students' weight, body mass index (BMI), and eating and exercise habits affect their health over time.

According to Teran-Garcia, the FTO gene is associated with a predisposition to obesity, increased BMI, and increased waist circumference. These traits can in turn contribute to many health-related problems, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

Of the young adults tested in the study, 15 percent had inherited the genetic risk from both parents -- in other words, they carried two copies of the risk allele. Another 20 percent had inherited risk from one parent, meaning they had one copy of the risk allele. Sixty-five percent of the students in the study did not carry the risk allele.

"If young people realize early that they have this predisposition, they can fight against it. If they are at risk for obesity, eating a healthy diet and getting regular exercise is even more important for them," Teran-Garcia said.

She noted that 85 percent of Hispanics in the United States are of Mexican origin.

Although FTO markers and analysis are available for large groups of Caucasians, Asians, and African-Americans, few studies have examined the effects of this gene in Mexican and Mexican- American populations.

"This is the first study to target young adults in Mexico, although one other study has followed older Mexican adults who had already been diagnosed with diabetes, obesity, and obesity-related diseases," she said.

Scientists hypothesize that "fat" genes may be influenced by epigenetic modifications, she said. "So even if you have this predisposition, you may be able to change the way those genes behave by eating the right foods and getting more exercise. These good habits are especially important for young people who have a genetic risk for obesity."

"FTO genotype is associated with body mass index and waist circumference in Mexican young adults" is available online in the Open Journal of Genetics (2013, 3, 44-48). Co-authors are Teran-Garcia, Itzel Vazquez-Vidal, and Michelle Mosley, of the U of I Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Flavia C.D. Andrade of the U of I Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, and Eduardo Medina-Cerda and Celia Aradillas-Garcia of the Universidad Auton?ma de San Luis Potos? in Mexico.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/cb5444pE3So/130521152612.htm

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The App That Puts Google?s Music Subscription Service on Your iPhone

The App That Puts Google’s Music Subscription Service on Your iPhone
Google's subscription music service debuted last week as an Android-only affair. But one third-party developer has quickly compiled an iOS app enabling Apple devices to listen in.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/GearFactor/~3/P3t5Qt2RvAo/

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Monday, May 20, 2013

Yahoo! Intends to Stuff Tumblr Full Of Ads - Business Insider

Tumblr CEO David Karp and Yahoo CEO Marissa Mayer both said the same thing in their blog announcements of the deal: We promise not to screw up Tumblr.

Clearly, that possibility is close to the top of their minds.

One reason that's so is because Yahoo! will likely bring more ads to Tumblr in one form or another. Mayer said as much in her statement:

The two companies will also work together to create advertising opportunities that are seamless and enhance user experience.

And she repeated it on her call with investors this morning, which we summarized:

Mayer says that Yahoo released "Yahoo Stream Ads" in May, which take text ads and put them in the news stream on Yahoo.com. She says you can expect more of that on Tumblr. On Tumblr, there is the dashboard, which is like Facebook's News Feed or inbox. Today, Tumblr does some advertising there. Yahoo would like to "introduce a very light ad load" there.? Yahoo also might work with some bloggers who want ads on their blogs. That would only be done with permission.

Mayer says the ad units will be native and follow the form and function of Tumblr.

Advertisers are already salivating at the thought of getting more exposure in front of Tumblr's massive audience. Ad Age noted:

... according to Chris Copeland, CEO of Group M Next. "Any time you go from the startup world to established companies with good infrastructure around technology and data, there's an opportunity to move forward in helping brands understand what they're getting from you," Mr. Copeland said.

"What makes Tumblr such an attractive acquisition is it has so much credibility among this audience that Yahoo and others are seeking -- this 18-to-24 sweet spot," said Ming Linsley, MEC's senior director of social media. "The concern everyone has is whether or not Tumblr will lose its credibility if it's acquired by Yahoo."

Tumblr sales chief Lee Brown already said last year that's working with advertisers who want reach and frequency ? mass exposure, in plain English ? on Tumblr. "[Some buyers] just want to buy units for reach and frequency. I?m working through that with them now," he told Adweek.

We noted earlier that Tumbr has made half a dozen significant moves ? including adding mobile ads ? in recent months to make itself attractive to advertisers, and the company believes it will be profitable soon. It had only $13 million in revenue last year.

And then, of course, there is Wall Street. This is a big acquisition for Yahoo. Shareholders will want to see a return on the investment. There will be intense pressure on Mayer and Karp to deliver those numbers. As Zachary Reiss-Davis, an analyst at Forrester Research, told Bloomberg:

?They have to balance keeping those users actively using Tumblr, while at the same time adding advertising and putting monetization around it,? he said. ?Those are very difficult tasks to balance against each other.?

Difficult tasks, indeed. But note that everyone ? Karp's new boss, Karps' sales chief, advertisers, and Wall Street ? are all agreed on the same thing.

There will be a lot more advertising on Tumblr.

Source: http://www.businessinsider.com/yahoo-intends-to-stuff-tumblr-full-of-ads-2013-5

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Fed's chairman tells graduates that the best tech is yet to come

innovation

21 hours ago

Chairman of the Federal Reserve Ben Bernanke delivers the commencement address at the graduation ceremonies for Bard College at Simon's Rock in Great ...

The Berkshire Eagle via AP

Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke delivers the commencement address at the graduation ceremonies for Bard College at Simon's Rock in Great Barrington, Mass. on Saturday.

WASHINGTON ? Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke says pessimists forecasting that the economy will not reap sizable benefits from the computer revolution are likely to be proven wrong.

Bernanke told a college graduating class Saturday that the long-range practical consequences of innovations such as faster computers and the Internet are hard to predict. But he said inventors have only scratched the surface of the commercial applications that can be obtained in such fields as medicine and clean energy.

Bernanke's remarks came in a commencement address at Bard College at Simon's Rock, a small liberal arts college in Great Barrington, Mass. Bernanke's son Joel graduated from the school in 2006.

The Fed chairman did not make any comments about interest rates in his speech, saying he wanted to use his address to focus not on short-range economic problems but to speak about economic growth measured in decades.

"We live on a planet that is becoming richer and more populous and in which not only the most advanced economies but also large emerging market nations like China and India increasingly see their futures as tied to technological innovation," Bernanke said in his prepared text, which was released in Washington.

"The number of trained scientists and engineers is increasing rapidly, as are the resources for research being provided by universities, governments and the private sector," he said. "Both humanity's capacity to innovate and the incentives to innovate are greater today than at any other time in history."

Bernanke cited these factors to bolster the view that the current computer revolution will prove just as beneficial to increasing living standards as past industrial revolutions that gave the world the steam engine and railroads and then later electricity and airplanes.

The Fed chairman told the new graduates that the best way to succeed will be to keep learning.

"During your working lives, you will have to reinvent yourselves many times," he said. "Success and satisfaction will not come from mastering a fixed body of knowledge but from constant adaptation and creativity in a rapidly changing world."

? 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.

Source: http://feeds.nbcnews.com/c/35002/f/653377/s/2c1977b1/l/0L0Snbcnews0N0Ctechnology0Cfeds0Echairman0Etells0Egraduates0Ebest0Etech0Eyet0Ecome0E1C9984420A/story01.htm

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Sunday, May 19, 2013

Obama marches on despite controversies

WASHINGTON (AP) ? Despite Democratic fears, predictions of the demise of President Barack Obama's agenda appear exaggerated after a week of cascading controversies, political triage by the administration and party leaders in Congress and lack of evidence to date of wrongdoing close to the Oval Office.

"Absolutely not," Steven Miller, the recently resigned acting head of the Internal Revenue Service, responded Friday when asked if he had any contact with the White House about targeting conservative groups seeking tax-exempt status for special treatment.

"The president's re-election campaign?" persisted Rep. Devin Nunes, R-Calif.

"No," said Miller.

The hearing took place at the end of a week in which Republicans repeatedly assailed Obama and were attacked by Democrats in turn ? yet sweeping immigration legislation advanced methodically toward bipartisan approval in the Senate Judiciary Committee. The measure "has strong support of its own in the Senate," said Sen. Amy Klobuchar, D-Minn., a member of the panel.

Across the Capitol, a bipartisan House group reported agreement in principle toward a compromise on the issue, which looms as Obama's best chance for a signature second-term domestic achievement. "I continue to believe that the House needs to deal with this," said House Speaker John Boehner, R-Ohio, who is not directly involved in the talks.

The president's nominee to become energy secretary, Ernest Moniz, won Senate confirmation, 97-0. And there were signs that Republicans might allow confirmation of Sri Srinivasan to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, sometimes a stepping stone to the Supreme Court.

Separately, a House committee approved legislation to prevent a spike in interest rates on student loans on July 1. It moves in the direction of a White House-backed proposal for future rate changes to be based on private markets.

Even so, Rep. Fred Upton, R-Mich., chairman of the Energy and Commerce Committee, said, "It's been a bad week for the administration."

Several Democratic lawmakers and aides agreed and expressed concern about the impact on Obama's agenda ? even though much of it has been stymied by Republicans for months already.

At the same time, Rep. Dave Camp, R-Mich., voiced optimism that the IRS controversy would boost the push for an overhaul of the tax code, rather than derail it. "It may make a case for a simpler tax code, where the IRS has less discretion," he said.

Long-term budget issues, the main flash point of divided government since 2011, have receded as projected deficits fall in the wake of an improving economy and recently enacted spending cuts and tax increases.

Even before Obama began grappling with the IRS, the fallout from last year's deadly attack on the U.S. diplomatic mission in Benghazi, Libya, and from the Justice Department's secret seizure of Associated Press phone records, the two parties were at odds over steps to replace $85 billion in across-the-board spending cuts. In particular, Obama's call for higher taxes is a nonstarter with Republicans.

Other high-profile legislation and presidential appointees face difficulties that predate the current controversies.

Months ago, Obama scaled back requested gun safety legislation to center on expanded background checks for firearms purchasers. That was derailed in the Senate, has even less chance in the House and is unlikely to reach the president's desk.

Republicans oppose other recommendations from the president's State of the Union address, including automatic increases in the minimum wage, a pre-kindergarten program funded by higher cigarette taxes and more federal money for highways and bridge repair.

In a clash that long predates the IRS controversy, Senate Republicans seem intent on blocking Obama's nomination of Tom Perez as labor secretary. Gina McCarthy's nomination to head the Environmental Protection Agency is also on hold, at least temporarily, and Democrats expect Republican opposition awaits Penny Pritzker, Obama's choice for commerce secretary.

Rhetorically, the two parties fell into two camps when it came to the White House troubles. Democrats tended to describe them as controversies, Republicans often used less flattering terms.

Speaking on the Senate floor, Sen. Roger Wicker, R-Miss., accused the administration of fostering a "culture of intimidation." He referred to the IRS, the handling of the Benghazi attack and Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius' "fundraising among the industry people she regulates on behalf of the president's health care law."

Two days later, Camp, a 23-year veteran lawmaker, opened the IRS hearing by calling the agency's actions part of a "culture of cover-ups and intimidation in this administration." He offered no other examples.

Rep. Trey Radel, a first-term Florida Republican, said in an interview, "What we're looking at now is a breach of trust" from the White House.

House Democratic leader Nancy Pelosi of California offered a scathing response when asked if the controversies would hamper Obama's ability to win legislation from the Republican-controlled House. "Well, the last two years there was nothing that went through this Congress, and it was no AP, IRS or any other (thing) that we were dealing with."

"They just want to do nothing. And their timetable is never," she said of GOP lawmakers.

Similarly, Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid gave no ground on Benghazi, a dispute that increasingly centered on talking points written for administration officials to use on television after the attack last September in which U.S. Ambassador Chris Stevens and three other Americans were killed.

"It's obvious it's an attempt to embarrass President Obama and embarrass Hillary Clinton," he said of Republican criticism that first flared during last year's election campaign.

On a third front, Sen. Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., resurrected legislation that would requiring a judge to approve subpoenas for news media communications records when investigating news leaks said to threaten the national security. It was a response to the FBI's secret, successful pursuit of Associated Press phone records in a current probe.

While Democrats counterattacked on Benghazi and parried on leaks, they bashed the IRS' treatment of conservative groups as improper if not illegal ? and warned Republicans not to overplay their hand.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/obama-agenda-marches-despite-controversies-194726701.html

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Watch: Michele Bachmann: The IRS Targeting of Tea Party Groups Tied to Obama's Political Agenda (ABC News)

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Sharp Beginning Production on Three New IGZO ... - Tom's Hardware

Sharp will be expanding its range of high-pixel density IZGO LCD panels with 11.6-inch, 14-inch and 15.6-inch variants.

Sharp has begun production of high-pixel density IGZO LCD panels for notebook computers that will offer some of the industry?s highest pixel densities and will be available in 11.6-, 14- and 15.6-inch models with compatibility for "stylus input" touchscreens.

The IGZO panel technology utilizes smaller, thin-film transistors and increased light transmittance which offers two important benefits. First of all, the higher pixel density allows the display of high quality images and crisply rendered fine text. Second, the technology allows greater energy efficiency by reducing the amount of power required to drive liquid crystals during the display of still images.

Size

11.6 inches

13.3 inches

14 inches

15.6 inches

Resolution

2560 x 1440 (WQHD)

3200 x 1800

(WQHD+)

3200 x 1800

(WQHD+)

2560 x 1440

(WQHD)

Pixel Density

253 ppi

262 ppi

235 ppi

221 ppi

Production is scheduled to commence in June 2013 at Sharp's Kameyama Plant No. 2 along with the company?s 13.3 inch IGZO panels that are currently in production.

Source: http://www.tomshardware.com/news/Sharp-Displays-IGZO-LCD-Technology-Production,22623.html

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Paint or Stain: Which Is Right For Your Deck?

Unfortunately, there's no simple this-or-that answer. Paint the railing and you won't have to refinish it any time soon, but you'll hide the wood's color, grain pattern, and texture. Stain it and you'll accentuate all these characteristics, but you'll be stripping it back and starting again sooner than if you'd used paint.

Either way, finishing the railing is critical, because unprotected wood left to the elements gets ugly fast. Moisture is absorbed by wood, causing it to twist, warp, and crack as it swells and shrinks. Ultraviolet radiation from the sun discolors wood and breaks down its lignin, the natural glue that holds the fibers together. This invites more moisture and, worse, wood-decay fungi, which secrete enzymes that rot wood fibers. Even cedar, which contains weather-resistant oils, can look pretty rough after a few seasons.

Painting your railing will give it the best possible, longest lasting protection against the elements. High-quality, water-based latex paints are more flexible than oil-based paints and can withstand the wood's moisture fluctuations better. The high solids content in paints helps form a thick, opaque film on the surface that hides imperfections, resists moisture, and blocks UV rays. If done right, a painted surface could last 10 years before you'd need to strip it back and refinish.

However, painting is a messy job, and you'll need to prepare, preserve, and prime the wood first (see "Finish Exterior Wood Like a Pro," above). Plus, you've got to be handy with a paintbrush if you want the project to look good. It's worth noting that paints and other film-forming finishes aren't ideal for large horizontal surfaces that get a lot of wear, such as decks. Instead, use a water-repellent stain or other penetrating finish.

If you stain your railing, don't expect the same longevity you get with paint. Stains soak deep into the wood, filling in microscopic gaps that would otherwise absorb moisture. This helps keep the wood stable, but it's not as effective as a paint's protective coating. On the upside, most stains are formulated with a wood preservative, so mold and rot shouldn't be a problem. However, stains don't do a good job blocking UV, and that could be a major factor if your railing gets a lot of sun. "Transparent and semitransparent stains contain some pigment and offer a bit of UV resistance, but the clearer the stain, the less protection you'll get. The wood will gray after a few years," says Ryan Coffey, a product specialist for paint manufacturer Rust-Oleum.

A solid-color stain might offer a compromise. "Whereas all paints are UV-resistant, only solid-color stains offer comparable protection," Coffey says. These near-opaque stains form a protective film on the surface similar to paint, but they're thinner so they won't hide the wood's texture. Plus, you can buy them in different shades, so matching your cedar's natural color shouldn't be a problem. A solid-color stain might last eight years or more.

One last consideration: Many homeowners find stains easier to apply than paint, so even though you'll refinish the railing more often, it'll be a lot less work each time. "My dad went with a stain because it was more manageable," Coffey says. "It was thinner, and there was a lot less messing around with blobs and runs."

Finish Exterior Wood Like a Pro


1 Clean surfaces thoroughly before painting. Stripping existing finishes and removing dirt, dust, mildew, and loose wood fibers improves adhesion.

2 Set nails and screws below the surface, and fill the holes with an exterior-grade wood filler to help keep moisture out.

3 Apply a paintable water-repellent preservative before priming to inhibit mildew and rot. If staining, use a product that already contains a preservative.

4 Priming all surfaces before painting improves adhesion and moisture protection, adding as much as two years to the life of the finish.

5 Reduce moisture absorption by painting all surfaces, including those not directly exposed to the elements. Coating end grain is especially important.

6 Repeat as necessary. In fact, two coats of stain or paint protects wood for up to twice as long as a single coat.

Source: http://www.popularmechanics.com/home/improvement/outdoor-projects/paint-or-stain-which-is-right-for-your-deck-15484621?src=rss

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Saturday, May 18, 2013

Weight Loss News Headlines - Yahoo! News

NEW ORLEANS (Reuters) - New Orleans police arrested a man identified in connection with a shooting at a Mother's Day parade in which 19 people were injured, authorities said late on Wednesday. Akein Scott, 19, was arrested in the Little Wood neighborhood of eastern New Orleans, police spokesman Garry Flot said, adding that??

Source: http://rss.news.yahoo.com/rss/weightloss

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Eurovision returns to ABBA's homeland with pop and kitsch

By Mia Shanley

STOCKHOLM (Reuters) - Bare-chested Irish drummers, a Ukrainian giant and a much-discussed lesbian kiss will be on display at this Saturday's Eurovision final in Sweden which - love it or hate it - promises plenty of pop, kitsch and barefoot ballads.

Some 26 countries will compete for the jewel in the crown of European pop in the homeland of former Swedish supergroup ABBA, one of Eurovision's most successful winners.

Denmark's 20-year-old Emmelie De Forest looks set to steal the show with bookmakers putting her as a clear favorite, trailed by Norway, Ukraine, Russia and Azerbaijan.

Her song - "Only Teardrops" - could keep the show in the Nordics for a second year running, moving it just across a bridge that separates Sweden and Denmark after Loreen won last year's contest for Sweden with dance track "Euphoria".

"It's just quite a catchy song - it's sort of true Eurovision," said Jessica Bridge, a spokeswoman for bookmaker Ladbrokes, of Denmark's entry. "It's euro-pop, and I think it's just struck a chord with people really. I think that's the one."

Ladbrokes has Denmark on 4/6 odds, making the barefoot blonde who performs against a flaming backdrop one of the strongest contenders ever to go into a Eurovision final.

Highlights will undoubtedly include a 2.4 meter (7 feet 8 inches) tall Ukrainian who carries singer Zlata Ognevich onto the stage, representing her inner strength, and Eurovision's first lesbian kiss featured in Finland's "Marry Me", which has drawn media controversy.

Eurovision was started in the 1950s with the aim of uniting Europe after World War II. Today, it has an audience of 125 million - more than the Super Bowl in the United States - and has served as a launching pad for the likes of ABBA, Julio Iglesias and Celine Dion.

And despite an ever-increasing number of TV music contests ranging from Pop Idol to the Voice, fans say the nearly six-decade-old show stands in a category of its own.

"It is special - it's such great variation from all these different cultures," Thomas G:son, who co-wrote last year's winning song and has penned tunes for the Jonas Brothers, told Reuters.

"You can think: What is he wearing? What is she singing? This is crazy! That's what makes it interesting and fun. There is such great variation."

G:son has written the song for Georgia this year, which made it through to the final, but says his other favorite is Dutch contender Anouk, a singer-songwriter who will be belting out her dark and edgy ballad "Birds".

ABBA NOSTALGIA

To promote talent over politically and geographically motivated block voting, professional judges now account for 50 percent of a performer's score. The other half comes from telephone and SMS votes received for each contestant, with fans unable to vote for their own country's entry.

After two semi-finals held this week, 20 countries moved to Saturday's final while Britain, Italy, Spain, France and Germany got free passes as they are the biggest contributors to Europe's broadcasting union. Host Sweden also automatically qualified.

Britain, which has not won since 1997 and finished second from last in 2012 with septuagenarian crooner Engelbert Humperdinck, looks unlikely to buck its losing streak this year.

Ladbrokes says Britain's entry, Bonnie Tyler - famed for "Total Eclipse of the Heart" in the 1980s - is entering the contest with the weakest odds of any British contender in a decade.

Sweden meanwhile is reveling in the moment.

ABBA the Museum, showcasing the musical history of Sweden's most famous Eurovision winner, opened its doors in Stockholm just this month, welcoming tourists on a pop nostalgia trip.

Mattias Hansson, the head of the museum, said the response has been overwhelming, boosted no doubt by Eurovision hype.

Hansson recalls when ABBA won Eurovision in 1974 with "Waterloo".

"I was five years old. I remember the star-shaped guitar that Bjorn played - that was the coolest thing I'd ever seen," he said of Bjorn Ulvaeus, a former ABBA member.

But asked about prospects for an ABBA a reunion on Saturday, Hansson broke into a roaring laugh.

"I have been sitting beside Bjorn 100 times during our launch, and I have seen him say "no" so many times that I am actually starting to believe him," he said. "I guess that's good for the museum, because it keeps the mystery alive."

(Reporting by Mia Shanley; Editing by Alistair Scrutton and Paul Casciato)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/eurovision-returns-abbas-homeland-pop-kitsch-121720835.html

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Friday, May 17, 2013

Google challenger in Vietnam redirecting queries

HANOI, Vietnam (AP) ? A Russian-financed search engine seeking to challenge Google's dominance in Vietnam is redirecting queries for some politically sensitive terms to the American company's search engine, apparently as a way of avoiding government anger or legal liability for sending surfers to sites containing criticism of the ruling party.

The move Thursday follows an Associated Press story on the well-funded start up, Coc Coc, which noted it didn't seem to be censoring results. The shift illustrates the difficulties facing companies in Vietnam's booming Internet industry, which must contend with a government intent on stifling online dissent that is a challenge to its authoritarian rule.

For Coc Coc, it sends a message to the ruling Communist Party that it doesn't have to worry about it encouraging opposition to one party rule. But it points to possible difficulties for Google if it wants to open offices and promote its products in Vietnam ? and not have to act as a government censor. Google doesn't have an office in Vietnam because it is concerned about liability for content on its servers. Coc Coc has more than 300 staff and a large office in Hanoi, the capital.

The AP story Wednesday noted that Coc Coc search results for "Viet Tan," a well-known overseas pro-democracy group outlawed in Vietnam, were similar to Google's. Each brought up the English and Vietnamese language websites of the organization. By Thursday, that had changed. Searchers were greeted with a message saying the search "was not valid" before being automatically redirected to the Google page displaying the returns for "Viet Tan." Searches for one of the country's most well-known dissidents, Le Quoc Quan, were dealt with in the same way.

In an interview with a Coc Coc representative over an instant messaging service, the company said it "decided not to serve the segment of political queries at all."

"We are computer geeks completely out of politics and keen on technologies only," the representative said. "It's not our focus at all. So that whenever you want to find something in English, French or about politics in Vietnamese ? just please use Google."

Google declined to comment.

In 2010, Google shifted its search engine in China to Hong Kong after a censorship row with Beijing. The decision allowed Baidu, a Chinese search engine that censors on behalf of the government, to dominate the market. Google does take down some material at the requests of governments around the world, but balks at wholesale censoring of content.

Coc Coc, or "Knock Knock" in English, is the latest in a series of challengers to Google's dominance in Vietnam, a country of 90 million people with one of the fastest-growing Internet use rates in the world. It believes that its algorithms make for a better search in the Vietnamese language. It is also photographing and filming commercial businesses on streets around the country, data that is used for a richer search experience.

Shaken by the explosion in online dissent, Vietnam's government is drafting laws that would tighten freedom of expression on the Internet and possibly force companies such as Google to keep their servers inside the country. It routinely blocks and filters sensitive sites, sentences bloggers to long jail terms and is alleged to be involved in hacking attacks on websites critical of the ruling party.

___

Follow Chris Brummitt on Twitter at twitter.com/cjbrummitt

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/google-challenger-vietnam-redirecting-queries-123602996.html

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Nigerian troops on new offensive against Islamists

By Ibrahim Mshelizza and Emma Ande

MAIDUGURI/YOLA, Nigeria (Reuters) - Nigeria launched a military campaign on Wednesday to flush Islamist militants out of their bases in remote border areas, after President Goodluck Jonathan declared a state of emergency in the northeast.

Nigerian troops deployed in large numbers, part of a plan to rout an insurgency by the Boko Haram Islamist group that has seized control of parts of the region.

"The operations, which will involve massive deployment of men and resources, are aimed at asserting the nation's territorial integrity," a Defense Headquarters statement said.

The campaign targets semi-desert areas of three states in which Jonathan declared an emergency on Tuesday - Borno, Adamawa and Yobe, three of the country's poorest and most remote.

The Islamist insurgency has cost thousands of lives and destabilized Africa's top energy producer since it began in 2009, but it has mostly happened far from economic centers such as Lagos. The capital Abuja was, however, bombed in 2011 and 2012.

It has not affected southern oil fields that provide the bulk of government revenues in Africa's second biggest economy.

Residents and Reuters reporters saw army trucks carrying soldiers enter Yola and Maiduguri to seek out militants from Boko Haram, whose rebellion has targeted the security forces, Christians and politicians in the mainly Muslim north.

The deployment will placate some of Jonathan's critics, who had accused him of not facing up to the gravity of the crisis, but northern politicians voiced concerns over rising tensions.

The United States said it feared a worsening cycle of violence that threatens Nigeria and the West Africa region.

It is for now unlikely tensions will boil over to other parts of the country. The Islamists have a foothold across most of the north, but nothing like the power base they have established in these three states.

In December 2011, Jonathan declared a state of emergency over some local government areas after a church bombing blamed on Boko Haram killed 37 people, but he lifted it in July 2012.

Ayo Oritsejafor, head of the powerful Christian Association of Nigeria, said the move showed Jonathan's plan to offer the rebels an amnesty had been misguided, saying "no reasonable agreement can be reached with terrorists".

BOLDER INSURGENCY

Yet it is unclear whether greater military might can win a battle against an adversary that has proved a master at melting away under pressure, only to re-emerge elsewhere.

"The government is thinking it can crush them like Sri Lanka crushed the Tamil rebels," Kole Shettima, chairman of the Center for Democracy and Development, told Reuters.

"But in Sri Lanka they pushed them to the water, whereas here they will just flee into the desert and come back."

A Reuters reporter saw six trucks carrying soldiers enter Yola, the capital of Adamawa state. In the Borno state capital Maiduguri, the biggest city in the area and birthplace of the insurgency, residents also reported an influx of troops.

The U.S. State Department, which has criticized the Nigerian military's heavy handed tactics, said it was "deeply concerned about increasing insecurity in northern Nigeria and the potential threat it poses to both Nigeria and the region."

"The declaration of states of emergency ... reflects the worsening cycle of violence in northern Nigeria," State Department spokesman Patrick Ventrell said.

Maiduguri residents are used to living under military restrictions - a curfew kills activity at 6 p.m. every day - and soldiers patrolling the streets are a common sight. Most shops and schools were shut.

"I have never seen soldiers on the move quite like this before," said one man in Maiduguri, Ahmed Mari.

Jonathan's orders followed growing evidence that a better-equipped, better-armed Boko Haram now controls territory around Lake Chad, where local officials have fled.

"What we are facing is ... a rebellion and insurgency by terrorist groups which pose a very serious threat to ... territorial integrity," Jonathan said in the address. "Already, some northern parts of Borno state have been taken over."

Officials say militants control at least 10 local government districts of Borno state, which once hosted one of West Africa's oldest medieval Islamic empires, and are using porous borders with Cameroon, Chad and Niger to smuggle in bigger arms.

Dozens of Boko Haram fighters struck the town of Bama last week, leaving 55 people dead, mostly police.

Security sources say their strategy appears to be similar to that of the al-Qaeda-linked militants who overran Mali late last year, before the French kicked them out in January: take over remote desert areas and establish a de facto rule there, then use that as a base from which to expand.

They have forged growing links with jihadists across the Sahara region, intelligence sources say. But they also enjoy a degree of support among a poor, ill-educated populace.

"This state of emergency will not change anything if the people do not cooperate and start exposing members of Boko Haram," said David John, a director in the state government.

Rights groups say abuses by Nigerian troops in the northeast, such as a raid in the remote town of Baga that killed dozens last month, have alienated the population.

A crackdown on Boko Haram in 2009 led to the deaths of 800 people, including its founder Mohammed Yusuf, who died in police custody. Instead of crushing them, it unleashed a torrent of popular rage that only made the Islamists more deadly.

(Additional reporting by Lanre Ola in Maiduguri; Writing and additional reporting by Tim Cocks in Lagos; Editing by Alastair Macdonald and Will Waterman)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/nigerian-troops-reinforce-northeast-cities-emergency-113303851.html

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Scientists Report First Success in Cloning Human Stem Cells

It?s been 17 years since Dolly the sheep was cloned from a mammary cell. And now scientists applied the same technique to make the first embryonic stem cell lines from human skin cells.

Ever since Ian Wilmut, an unassuming embryologist working at the Roslin Institute just outside of Edinburgh stunned the world by cloning the first mammal, Dolly, scientists have been asking ? could humans be cloned in the same way? Putting aside the ethical challenges the question raised, the query turned out to involve more wishful thinking than scientific success. Despite the fact that dozens of other species have been cloned using the technique, called nuclear transfer, human cells have remained stubbornly resistant to the process.

Until now. Shoukhrat Mitalipov, a professor at Oregon Health & Science University and his colleagues report in the journal Cell that they have successfully reprogrammed human skin cells back to their embryonic state. The purpose of the study, however, was not to generate human clones but to produce lines of embryonic stem cells. These can develop into muscle, nerve, or other cells that make up the body?s tissues. The process, he says, took only a few months, a surprisingly short period to reach such an important milestone.

(MORE: Stem Cell Scientists Awarded Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine)

Nuclear transfer involves inserting a fully developed cell ? in Mitalipov?s study, the cells came from the skin of fetuses ? into the nucleus of an egg, and then manipulating the egg to start dividing, a process that normally only occurs after it has been fertilized by a sperm. After several days, the ball of cells that results contains a blanket of embryonic stem cells endowed with the genetic material of the donor skin cell, which have the ability to generate every cell type from that donor. In Dolly?s case, those cells were allowed to continue developing into an embryo that was then transferred to a ewe to produce a cloned sheep. But Mitalipov says his process with the human cells isn?t designed to generate a human clone, but rather just to create the embryonic stem cells. These could then be manipulated to create heart, nerve or other cells that can repair or treat disease.

?I think this is a really important advance,? says Dieter Egli, an investigator at the New York Stem Cell Foundation and Columbia University. ?I have a very high confidence that versions of this technique will work very well; it?s something that the field has been waiting for.? Egli is among the handful of scientists who have been working to perfect the technique with human cells and in 2011, succeeded in producing human stem cells, but with double the number of chromosomes. In 2004, Woo Suk Hwang, a veterinary scientist at Seoul National University, claimed to have succeeded in achieving the feat, but later admitted to faking the data. Instead of generating embryonic stem cell lines via nuclear transfer, Hwang?s group produced the stem cells from days-old embryos, a technique that had already been established by James Thomson at University of Wisconsin in 1998.

(MORE: Stem Cell Research: The Quest Resumes)

That scandal, as well as ethical concerns about the dangers of encouraging work that could lead to human cloning, dried up interest in getting the process to work with human cells. Then came a breakthrough in 2007, when Shinya Yamanaka of Kyoto University succeeded in reprogramming adult skin cells back to their embryonic state simply by dousing them in a concoction of four genetic factors and some growth media. That technique for generating embryonic-like stem cells (called induced pluripotent stem cells, or iPS cells) bypassed the need for transferring the cells into eggs, as Wilmut had done, and also averted the ethical issues attached to extracting stem cells from embryos as Thomson had done. Plus, the iPS cells had the advantage that patients could generate their own stem cells and potentially grow new cells they might need to treat or avert diseases like diabetes, Alzheimer?s or heart problems.

Except that researchers still couldn?t prove that the heart, nerve, muscle and other cells they made from the iPS cells were exactly like the ones generated from the embryonic stem cells. The gold standard embryonic stem cells still came from embryos themselves, including ones that were made through nuclear transfer.

(MORE: Stem Cell Miracle? New Therapies May Cure Chronic Conditions like Alzheimer?s)

Now that the technique appears to work with human cells, the process could be another source of generating stem cells that may ultimately treat patients, says Mitalipov. His group is especially interested in promoting the technique for treating mitochondrial diseases ? these organelles posses a different set of DNA than that contained in the nucleus of cells, and are responsible for generating the energy needed for cells to function. But because they lie outside of the nucleus, transferring cells from a patient with mitochondrial diseases into a donor egg that has a healthy set of mitochondrial DNA would generate populations of cells that are free of disease.

In order to make the process work, Mitalipov says he modified more than a dozen steps in the process that proved successful with sheep and other species. His group had the advantage of working first with monkey eggs; the knowledge about what stimulated the eggs to start dividing helped him to make the appropriate changes in the human eggs that contributed to his success.

Beginning with high quality eggs that were donated by healthy volunteers was critical, he says. Most previous attempts involved discarded eggs from IVF clinics that may have been of lesser quality and affected their ability to survive the transfer process. From the monkey studies, the team also realized that the process of introducing the donor cell into the egg also required a gentle touch; timing the transfer at the point when the egg was most likely to accept the new genetic material and start dividing was important. Infusing a bit of caffeine into the process also helped. ?Even though nothing we did seems that brand new ? there wasn?t anything that people didn?t try in other species or we haven?t tried with monkey cells ? but the right combination, timing and concentration made the difference,? says Mitalipov.

(MORE: The Stem-Cell Ruling: Scientists Alarmed at ?Step Backward?)

He estimates that about 50% of the success can be attributed to the quality of the eggs while the remaining 50% is related to the optimization of the process. So far, the technique appears to be pretty efficient; from eight eggs, the group generated four embryonic stem cell lines. In the future, Mitalipov anticipates it will be possible to produce a stem cell line from each donated egg. ?We knew the history of failure, that several legitimate labs had tried but couldn?t make it work,? he says. ?I thought we would need about 500 to 1000 eggs to optimize the process and anticipated it would be a long study that would take several years. But in the first experiment we got a blastocyst and within a couple of months we already had an [embryonic] stem cell line. We couldn?t believe it.?

Egli and other stem cell scientists are eager to replicate the process, to test how reliable and robust it is, and hurdles still remain before the technique is standardized. It?s not clear yet, for example, whether the process will work as efficiently with adult, or older cells, and healthy egg donors may not be as available in some parts of the country as they were in Oregon, where the state allows scientists to compensate donors for their eggs, just as IVF clinics do. But the achievement could establish another important source of stem cells that patients can generate to ultimately treat themselves.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/scientists-report-first-success-human-cloning-process-160011071.html

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Same musicians: Brand new tune

Wednesday, May 15, 2013

A small ensemble of musicians can produce an infinite number of melodies, harmonies and rhythms. So too, do a handful of workhorse signaling pathways that interact to construct multiple structures that comprise the vertebrate body. In fact, crosstalk between two of those pathways?those governed by proteins known as Notch and BMP (for Bone Morphogenetic Protein) receptors?occurs over and over in processes as diverse as forming a tooth, sculpting a heart valve and building a brain.

A new study by Stowers Institute for Medical Research Investigator Ting Xie, Ph.D., reveals yet another duet played by Notch and BMP signals, this time with Notch calling the tune. That work, published in this week's online issue of PNAS, uses mouse genetics to demonstrate how one Notch family protein, Notch2, shapes an eye structure known as the ciliary body (CB), most likely by ensuring that BMP signals remain loud and clear.

In vertebrates, the CB encircles the lens and performs two tasks essential for normal vision. First, it contains a tiny muscle that reshapes the lens when you change focus, or "accommodate". And it also secretes liquid aqueous humor into the front compartment of the eye where it likely maintains correct eye pressure. Understanding CB construction is critical, as excessive pressure is one risk factor for glaucoma.

Eye development is a relatively new field for Xie, a recognized leader in the study of adult stem cells in the fruit fly: only recently did he branch out into mouse studies. "A few years ago I was asked to participate in a think tank-type meeting to discuss the potential application of cell therapy to treat glaucoma," he says. "I became interested in using retinal progenitor cells to treat diseases like glaucoma or macular degeneration. But I realized that first we needed to understand eye disease at the molecular level." The new study is an important step in that direction.

Previously, investigators knew that once cells that form the CB are established in an embryo, the BMP pathway drives their "morphogenesis", the term used by developmental biologists to describe the process of expanding and then sculpting a committed population of cells into a unique structure. "The Notch2 receptor was previously shown to be expressed in the developing mouse eye," explains Chris Tanzie, M.D., Ph.D., a former graduate student in the Xie lab and the study's co-first author. "But its function was unknown, and no one connected how various signaling pathways direct CB morphogenesis."

To determine what Notch2 was doing in the developing eye, the Stowers team constructed a conditional knockout mouse, meaning that the Notch2 gene is deleted from the genome only in eye cells that give rise to the CB. In normal newborn mice a series of cellular "folds" that characterize the CB emerges over the first 7 days of life. But the mutant knockout mice showed a complete absence of folds, dramatic evidence that Notch2 is required to elaborate a CB.

Furthermore, in normal mice a protein called Jagged-1, which activates Notch2, was expressed in cells adjacent to Notch2-expressing CB cells during the same developmental period. Strikingly, the team's collaborators in Richard Libby's laboratory at the University of Rochester Medical Center, were able to demonstrate that just like the Notch2 mutants, Jagged-1 conditional knockout mice showed almost total loss of CB fold structures, a major hint that Notch2 was switched on by Jagged1 to drive CB formation.

Biochemical and microarray analysis provided further explanation for defects observed after Notch2 loss. Comparison of normal and Notch2-mutant eye cells revealed that not only did cells of mutant mice lose BMP signaling but that expression of two proteins known to interfere with BMP increased in those cells.

"Up-regulation of BMP antagonists following Notch2 loss is an important observation," says Xie. "In other systems people often observe that Notch and BMP cooperatively regulate common targets by transcription factor collaboration at the transcriptional level, but this is a unique mechanism. We find that Notch2 keeps BMP signaling active by inhibiting its inhibitors."

The study's second co-first author is Yi Zhou, a University of Kansas Medical Center graduate student earning his Ph.D. in Xie's lab. "Our work reveals a novel link between Notch and BMP pathways potentially involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma," says Zhou, noting one more tantalizing implication of the paper. "In addition, mutations in Jagged-1 and Notch2 are thought to underlie the human genetic disease known as Alagille Syndrome. Our work may lead to a better understanding of both."

Alagille Syndrome is an inherited childhood disorder causing defects in organ systems including liver, heart and the skeleton. Xie is equally intrigued by potential connections between his group's observations in the mouse eye and Alagille outcomes in humans. Nonetheless, he remains focused on nailing down how perturbation of the Jagged1-Notch2-BMP axis might cause eye disease.

"We now know how to build better mouse mutants to study CB development. In this work we show that Notch regulates BMP signaling but have not yet determined whether alterations in CB structure actually change interocular pressure," he says. "Answering that question is our future goal."

###

Stowers Institute for Medical Research: http://www.stowers-institute.org

Thanks to Stowers Institute for Medical Research for this article.

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/128269/Same_musicians__Brand_new_tune

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Thursday, May 16, 2013

NASA astronauts fix leak on International Space Station (+video)

Astronauts Thomas Marshburn and Christopher Cassidy conducted a spacewalk Saturday to fix an ammonia leak. They replaced a suspected faulty pump on the International Space Station.?

By David Clark Scott,?Staff writer / May 11, 2013

The gloved hands of one of two astronauts working to replace a possible faulty pump on the International Space Station that was leaking ammonia.

NASA screenshot

Enlarge

UPDATED: 4:30 p.m., Saturday.

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As a nearly five-hour spacewalk Saturday morning drew to a close, the two astronauts replaced a suspected faulty pump in an effort to fix an ammonia coolant leak on the International Space Station.

Astronauts Thomas Marshburn and Christopher Cassidy began their spacewalk at 8:44 a.m. Saturday. The two successfully replaced a 60-pound pump box which NASA suspected was the source of the leaking ammonia coolant. They found no evidence of the frozen ammonia flakes that had originally led them to the pump box. The astronauts also found no evidence of damage to the pump box.

The walk was hastily planned after ISS crew members alerted Mission Control about the leak on Thursday when they spotted "snowflakes" of frozen ammonia floating near the pump box. NASA says that it has been aware of a slow ammonia leak, but the rate had jumped to 5 pounds per day on Thursday.

The ammonia coursing through the plumbing is used to cool the space station's electronic equipment, according to the Associated Press. There are eight of these power channels, and all seven others were operating normally. As a result, life for the six space station residents was pretty much unaffected.

NASA's space station program manager Mike Suffredini said it's a mystery as to why the leak erupted on Thursday. One possibility is a micrometeorite strike.

By 1:20 p.m. Saturday, Cassidy and Marshburn were finished with the space walk, and were heading back to the airlock. They saw no sign of leaks coming from the new pump. NASA engineers continued to pressure check the system and be certain that the new pump is working properly.?

"We're happy, we're very happy [with the space walk]," said Joel Montalbano, Deputy ISS Program Manager, in a press conference in Houston after the space walk. "We didn't see any obvious signs of leaks," but added that testing would continue in the coming days and weeks.
?

If the old pump isn't the source of the leak, NASA's hunt for the source will continue. But that will be another crew's problem. Mashburn and Canadian commander, Chris Hadfield, are scheduled to head back to Earth on Monday.

The two men are experienced space walkers: this was their fourth working sojourn outside the space station. But as they worked, there were the occasional moments when they could pause to look at the view 255 miles above the Earth. "Did you see the moon? Oh my God! Burn that in your memory, said Cassidy.

After running through a system check, the following exchange was heard:

"Houston, if you're still there, I'm feelin great," said Cassidy.

"We're still there. Copy that on feelin great," responded Mike Fincke, an astronaut who was guiding the duo from NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston.

NASA broadcast the spacewalk live on its website.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/science/~3/A1DHlfQyrKg/NASA-astronauts-fix-leak-on-International-Space-Station-video

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Wednesday, May 15, 2013

Atty. Gen. Holder orders criminal investigation into IRS screening (Los Angeles Times)

Share With Friends: Share on FacebookTweet ThisPost to Google-BuzzSend on GmailPost to Linked-InSubscribe to This Feed | Rss To Twitter | Politics - Top Stories Stories, RSS and RSS Feed via Feedzilla.

Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/305770052?client_source=feed&format=rss

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Cannes Film Festival 2013: Our Must-See Movies

With Emma Watson and Ryan Gosling bringing movies to the fest, we take a look at the year's hottest entries.
By Kevin P. Sullivan


"The Bling Ring"
Photo: A24

Source: http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1707352/cannes-film-festival-2013-preview.jhtml

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Brain frontal lobes not sole center of human intelligence, comparative research suggests

May 13, 2013 ? Human intelligence cannot be explained by the size of the brain's frontal lobes, say researchers.

Research into the comparative size of the frontal lobes in humans and other species has determined that they are not -- as previously thought -- disproportionately enlarged relative to other areas of the brain, according to the most accurate and conclusive study of this area of the brain.

It concludes that the size of our frontal lobes cannot solely account for humans' superior cognitive abilities.

The study by Durham and Reading universities suggests that supposedly more 'primitive' areas, such as the cerebellum, were equally important in the expansion of the human brain. These areas may therefore play unexpectedly important roles in human cognition and its disorders, such as autism and dyslexia, say the researchers.

The study is published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) today.

The frontal lobes are an area in the brain of mammals located at the front of each cerebral hemisphere, and are thought to be critical for advanced intelligence.

Lead author Professor Robert Barton from the Department of Anthropology at Durham University, said: "Probably the most widespread assumption about how the human brain evolved is that size increase was concentrated in the frontal lobes.

"It has been thought that frontal lobe expansion was particularly crucial to the development of modern human behaviour, thought and language, and that it is our bulging frontal lobes that truly make us human. We show that this is untrue: human frontal lobes are exactly the size expected for a non-human brain scaled up to human size.

"This means that areas traditionally considered to be more primitive were just as important during our evolution. These other areas should now get more attention. In fact there is already some evidence that damage to the cerebellum, for example, is a factor in disorders such as autism and dyslexia."

The scientists argue that many of our high-level abilities are carried out by more extensive brain networks linking many different areas of the brain. They suggest it may be the structure of these extended networks more than the size of any isolated brain region that is critical for cognitive functioning.

Previously, various studies have been conducted to try and establish whether humans' frontal lobes are disproportionately enlarged compared to their size in other primates such as apes and monkeys. They have resulted in a confused picture with use of different methods and measurements leading to inconsistent findings.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/eiG5DM9MW3Y/130513152827.htm

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Tuesday, May 14, 2013

On his way out?

BradyGetty Images

As the weeks of throwing footballs against a defense made up of Lennay Kekua and 10 of her family members yields to throwing footballs with a red no-touchy jersey against a bunch of other rookies and assorted slappies to throwing footballs with a red no-touchy jersey against veterans, rookies, and assorted slappies, we?re no closer to knowing whether any of the rookie quarterbacks can play effectively at the NFL level.

That point was reinforced last night upon tripping over the excellent NFL Films documentary regarding ?The Brady 6? ? the six quarterbacks drafted in 2000 before the Pats scrawled Tom Brady?s name onto the 199th card submitted.

The chip that blossomed on Brady?s shoulder was nurtured in part by underwhelming performances at Michigan, which opened the door for Drew Henson to take reps during Brady?s senior season, and pre-draft workouts from a slow, ungainly athlete who did nothing to stand out.? But when it was time to play against live NFL competition, as the calm eye in a storm of bodies and movement and drawn-up plays that disintegrate when exposed to a full-speed defense, Brady didn?t simply survive but thrived.

Others couldn?t.? The much-hyped Giovanni Carmazzi, taken by the favorite team of Brady?s boyhood, flamed out for the 49ers.? Former coach Steve Mariucci attributed the failure to Carmazzi?s first NFL appearance, coincidentally against the Patriots in the Hall of Fame game, as planting the doubt that resulted in Carmazzi never playing in a regular-season game.

Ditto for Tee Martin, the Peyton Manning successor who never was able to do enough with his limited opportunity to catch the eye of the coaches in Pittsburgh.? In the end, Brady became the latest Hall of Fame quarterback the Steelers could have snatched, but didn?t.? (They once cut John Unitas and passed over hometown hero Dan Marino.)

But it?s hard to blame any of the teams that passed on Brady.? There was scant evidence that he?d perform at a high level at the highest level of the sport.

And that makes this year?s ? and each year?s ? class of quarterbacks inherently intriguing.? While it?s easy to lament the absence of can?t-miss prospects like Andrew Luck and Robert Griffin III from the 2013 collection of signal-callers, there could be one of more Russell Wilsons lurking among the likes of EJ Manuel, Geno Smith, Mike Glennon, Matt Barkley, Ryan Nassib, Tyler Wilson, Landry Jones, Zac Dysert, or any of the undrafted players.

We simply won?t know what they can do until they do it.? Which will make things interesting not in May or June but in late July, August, September, and beyond.

There?s definitely a Carmazzi and Martin among that group.? But there also could be a Brady or a Wilson.

Source: http://profootballtalk.nbcsports.com/2013/05/13/more-talk-that-sanchez-wont-be-a-jet-when-the-season-starts/related/

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Russia detains U.S. embassy worker for spy recruitment

MOSCOW (Reuters) - Russia has detained an American citizen accused of trying to recruit a Russian intelligence officer to work for the CIA, the Federal Security Service (FSB) said on Tuesday.

It said the man was an employee at the U.S. embassy in Moscow but also worked for the United States Central Intelligence Agency. The embassy declined immediate comment.

A spokesman for the FSB identified the man as Ryan Fogle, a third secretary at the embassy, and said he was carrying a large amount of money and instructions for the Russian he was trying to recruit.

He said Fogle, who was also carrying "special technical equipment" and the "means for changing one's appearance", was detained overnight and then handed over to U.S. officials.

The incident comes at a sensitive time when the United States and Russia are trying to improve relations.

The United States and Russia have spoken of stepping up security cooperation following the Boston Marathon bombings last month and last week announced plans to try to organize an international conference to promote an end to Syria's civil war.

(Reporting by Steve Gutterman, Writing by Timothy Heritage, Editing by Elizabeth Piper)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/russia-detains-u-embassy-worker-spy-recruitment-ria-104921708.html

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